William bowman ball antiwe



'June 26, 1923. 1,460,049

W. B. BALLANTINE WCRKABLE METAL ARTICLE Filed March 29 1921 1 I I Z' WILLIAM BOWMAN BALLANTINE, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

WORKABLE METAL ARTICLE.

Application filed March 29, 1921. Serial No. 456,750.

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT 01: MARGHI 3, 1921, 41 STAT. In, 1313?) To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM BOWMAN BALLANTINE, a subject of the King of England, residing in London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in- Workable Metal Articles (for which I have filed an application in Great Britain Oct. 29, 1919, Ser. No. 158,329), of which the following is a specification.

This invention lies in improvements in or relating to the production of rustless articles of steel. At present sucharticles are produced from a steel alloycontaining a proportion of chromium, generallywith nickel or other element in addition, and this alloy is in itself expensive.

The object of this invention is to diminish the cost of articles which possess a surface which is rustless or noncorrodible.

According to this invention,'in the production of a rustless or non-corrodible article, 'a core of-a steel not in itself non-corrodible, and at a suitably high temperature, is encased in a rustless layer'by casting a previously prepared alloy of non-corrodible or rustless chrome steel around said hot core.

In the accompanying drawings there are i illustrated certain embodiments of the pres cut invention, it being understood, however, that the drawings do not define the limits of this invention, as changes may be made in the constructions therein disclosed without departing from the spirit of the invention or scope of my broader claims.

In the drawings,- Figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating one embodiment of the present invention; and 1 Figure 2 is a similar view illustrating a. modified form of article produced'i-n accordance with the present invention.

Thus, according to one embodiment of this invention, where it is desired to produce steel bodies capable of being worked, as by rolling, drawingor forgintg, a core 2 of any suitable shape is formed 0 an ingot of ordinary steel, and around this ingot, at the required temperature, there is cast an alloy 1 oi non-corrodible or rustless steel, in such a way that a homogeneous junction is made between theinternal core and the outer oovering of rustless steel.

' In one method of carrying this invention into effect, an ingot of ordinary steel, is placed in an ingot mould, of internal' diameter largerthan the diameter of the ingot, so

as to leave an annular space between them.

This annular space is filled 'up with the molten non-corrodible steel while the ingot is hot. An article produced in this manner is illustrated in Figure 1 of the drawings.

Again, in the case Where it is desired to produce tubes, theinternal and external surfaces of which are rustless, a hollow cylindrical ingot 2 of ordinary steel may be employed, having a central pin or core and an outer ingot mould, both of which are separated from the hollow .stee'l ingot so as to leave annular spaces outside and inside the hollow ingot, and while the ingot is hot the annular spaces are filled with the molten chrome steel alloy 1', as shown in Figure 2.

In the previous application No. 1,145,925,

(Sulman and Anr.) '(No. 11688 of 1919), there is described a process for the production of ferro-alloys for castings, resistant to rust and corrosion, by reducing a chemical compound (for example of oxides) of iron and chromium with a thermo-reducing agent, and by introducing silicon into the alloy by the employment of silicon-containing material in the theme-reduction mixture.

Where it is desired to produce steel bodies which do not require to be rolled, drawn or forged, it is within this invention to employ a core (say of cast steel), and to cast'around it a ferro-alloy containing chromium and silicon, so as to produce an article which can be machined and polished, which will have a rustless and non-corrodible surface, and the core of which possesses, the properties of the steel employed therein.

It will be understood that the composition of the core, and the shape of the'core and covering, at the time of casting, may be varied without departing from this invention.

What I claim as my invention and desire to, secure by Letters Patent is 1. A workable metal article comprisinga 1 '2. A workable metal article comprising a name-to this specification in the presence of tubular core of corlgffoliilhlefE f6I'I'O1111S materia two subscribing witnesses.

havin a non-corro e erro-a 0 unite 4 theret% on both sides thereof, toreriiier said wn'uAM ROWAN IBALLANTINE' 5 article non-corrodible and permit working Witnesses: thereof. i GRAHAM C. MQHARDY,

In testimony whereof I have signed my AGNES E. MILLS, 

